Phototherapy, also called light therapy, is a noninvasive treatment that uses carefully controlled ultraviolet light to improve certain skin conditions. Unlike ordinary sun exposure or indoor tanning, medical phototherapy delivers a measured dose of a specific type of ultraviolet light under the supervision of a dermatology provider.
Phototherapy can help reduce inflammation, relieve itching, slow the rapid growth of skin cells and restore pigment in some areas of the skin.
What conditions can phototherapy treat?
Phototherapy may be recommended for several inflammatory, autoimmune and pigment-related skin conditions, including:
- Psoriasis
- Atopic dermatitis or eczema
- Vitiligo
- Chronic itching
- Lichen planus
- Prurigo nodularis
- Certain other widespread or persistent skin conditions
Whether phototherapy is appropriate depends on your diagnosis, symptoms, medical history, medications and previous treatments.
How does phototherapy work?
Ultraviolet light can reduce the activity of immune cells that contribute to inflammation within the skin. It can also slow the overproduction of skin cells responsible for the scaling and thickened plaques associated with conditions such as psoriasis.
For patients with vitiligo, certain forms of phototherapy may stimulate pigment-producing cells and gradually help restore color to affected areas.
What happens during treatment?
Before beginning phototherapy, your dermatology provider will evaluate your skin and determine the appropriate type, strength and duration of treatment. Each session is carefully recorded so your response can be monitored and the dose can be adjusted when necessary.
Depending on the areas being treated, you may use:
- A full-body phototherapy unit: You stand inside a lighted chamber so larger areas of the body can be treated at the same time.
- A hand-and-foot phototherapy unit: Only the affected hands or feet are exposed to the prescribed light.
Protective eyewear is worn during treatment. Certain sensitive or unaffected areas may also be covered as directed by your provider.
How often is phototherapy needed?
Phototherapy usually requires a series of treatments rather than a single visit. Many patients attend appointments two to three times per week for several weeks or months.
The Dermatology Clinic’s typical course may continue for approximately three to four months, although the exact schedule depends on your condition and how your skin responds. Consistent attendance is important because missed sessions can delay improvement.
After the initial treatment period, some patients achieve remission, while others may benefit from weekly or monthly maintenance sessions.
Is phototherapy safe?
Phototherapy is generally safe when prescribed and monitored by a dermatology provider. Your treatment dose and exposure time are increased gradually to minimize unnecessary ultraviolet exposure.
Temporary side effects may include:
- Mild redness or warmth
- Dryness or itching
- Tenderness
- A sunburn-like reaction
- Temporary changes in skin color
Repeated ultraviolet exposure may contribute to premature skin aging and could increase the long-term risk of skin cancer. Your provider will monitor your cumulative exposure and adjust treatment to help reduce these risks.
Phototherapy is not the same as using a tanning bed. Tanning beds do not provide the same controlled treatment and can expose the skin to harmful amounts of ultraviolet radiation.
How should I prepare for phototherapy?
Tell your provider about all prescription medications, over-the-counter products and supplements you use. Some medications can make the skin more sensitive to ultraviolet light and may require adjustments to your treatment plan.
Before each appointment, follow the instructions provided by your dermatology team. You may be asked to:
- Avoid perfumes, fragrances or certain skin care products
- Apply only approved moisturizers
- Wear the same type of clothing or covering during each session
- Report medication changes before treatment
- Tell the staff about redness or discomfort following your previous session
Do not intentionally tan or increase your sun exposure during treatment unless instructed by your provider.
When will I see results?
Improvement is gradual and may require several weeks of consistent treatment. The number of sessions needed varies according to the condition being treated, its severity, the areas involved and how your skin responds.
Phototherapy may be used alone or combined with topical or oral medications to achieve the best possible results.
Schedule a phototherapy consultation
Phototherapy can provide meaningful relief for certain persistent or widespread skin conditions. The Dermatology Clinic can evaluate your symptoms, determine whether light therapy is appropriate and create a carefully monitored treatment plan based on your individual needs. Contact us today to get scheduled.
